Who was the founder of the women's suffrage movement in Canada?

Discover Canada introduces the women's suffrage movement and names its Canadian founder in one direct passage. The guide writes: The effort by women to achieve the right to vote is known as the women's suffrage movement. Its founder in Canada was Dr. Emily Stowe, the first Canadian woman to practise medicine in Canada. The person the test wants is therefore Dr. Emily Stowe.

The setting is the late 19th century, when, as the guide says, "at the time of Confederation, the vote was limited to property-owning adult white males. This was common in most democratic countries at the time." Suffrage in Canada had to be won province by province and at the federal level — and Dr. Stowe is the figure Discover Canada credits with starting that movement in this country.

The movement she founded produced concrete results. Discover Canada writes: "In 1916, Manitoba became the first province to grant voting rights to women." Then, the following year, the federal government acted. The guide reports: "In 1917, thanks to the leadership of women such as Dr. Stowe and other suffragettes, the federal government of Sir Robert Borden gave women the right to vote in federal elections — first to nurses at the battle front, then to women who were related to men in active wartime service." A year later, in 1918, most Canadian female citizens aged 21 and over could vote.

So Dr. Stowe is the founder, and the movement she founded is the one that brought suffrage to Manitoba in 1916 and to the federal level in 1917–1918. Discover Canada calls her "the first Canadian woman to practise medicine in Canada" — pairing the founding of the suffrage movement with another first.

The question is testing whether new citizens have noticed who Discover Canada credits with founding women's suffrage in this country. The guide names exactly one person — Dr. Emily Stowe — and adds the further fact that she was also "the first Canadian woman to practise medicine in Canada."

The wrong answer choices each appear elsewhere in Discover Canada's account of women in Canadian history, but none is identified as the founder of the suffrage movement. The 1916 Manitoba milestone, the 1917 federal extension, and the eventual recognition of women as "persons" are credited to a wider movement led "by women such as Dr. Stowe and other suffragettes" — but Dr. Stowe is the one named as founder.