Who was the great-great-grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II, after whom a Canadian holiday is named?

Discover Canada records this in one direct sentence. The guide writes: Ottawa, located on the Ottawa River, was chosen as the capital in 1857 by Queen Victoria, the great-great-grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II. The holiday named for her — Victoria Day — falls on the Monday preceding May 25 (the Sovereign's birthday). The monarch the test wants is therefore Queen Victoria.

Victoria's place in Canadian history is large. Discover Canada ties Queen Victoria to several major Canadian milestones: she selected Ottawa as the capital in 1857; Confederation in 1867 happened "during Queen Victoria's reign"; and Alberta was "named after Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, fourth daughter of Queen Victoria" — alongside the world-famous Lake Louise in the Rocky Mountains. So the country was born under Victoria, named places after her family, and chose its capital under her authority.

Victoria Day is the modern Canadian commemoration. Discover Canada's public-holidays table places Victoria Day on the "Monday preceding May 25 (Sovereign's birthday)." The May date originally fell near Queen Victoria's actual birthday — and today the holiday continues to mark the Sovereign's birthday in Canada, no matter who the current Sovereign is. So Victoria Day commemorates both the historic Queen Victoria and the contemporary Sovereign role she founded.

The lineage anchors Canadian constitutional continuity. Discover Canada writes that "Queen Elizabeth II, who has been Queen of Canada since 1952," and identifies her as Queen Victoria's "great-great-granddaughter." So four generations connect the two Queens — Victoria (1837–the early 1900s), then her descendants, and finally Elizabeth II as the modern Canadian Sovereign. Canada has been a constitutional monarchy continuously through this royal line since Confederation in 1867.

The question is testing whether new citizens know the great-great-grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II for whom a Canadian holiday is named. Discover Canada commits to one Sovereign: Queen Victoria. The right test answer matches that.

The wrong answer choices each pick a different historical queen. None is named in Discover Canada as Queen Elizabeth II's great-great-grandmother or as the namesake of Victoria Day. Only Queen Victoria matches both criteria: the great-great-grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II AND the namesake of Victoria Day.