Which idea became popular in Canada during the 1960s?

Discover Canada records this in one direct sentence. The guide writes: The idea of multiculturalism, as a result of 19th- and 20th-century immigration, gained a new impetus. By the 1960s, one-third of Canadians had origins that were neither British nor French, and took pride in preserving their distinct culture in the Canadian fabric. The idea the test wants is therefore multiculturalism.

Multiculturalism reflected demographic change. Discover Canada commits to a striking statistic: one-third of Canadians by the 1960s had origins that were neither British nor French. So the country's traditional founding-peoples framework — Aboriginal, French, and British — had been joined by a third of the population from a wide range of other origins. Multiculturalism named the recognition of this reality.

Canada's Charter formalised the principle. Discover Canada writes that the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms identifies "Multiculturalism — A fundamental characteristic of the Canadian heritage and identity. Canadians celebrate the gift of one another's presence and work hard to respect pluralism and live in harmony." So when the country adopted the Charter in 1982, multiculturalism was given constitutional recognition — moving from a 1960s social trend to a constitutional value.

Multiculturalism is rooted in immigration. Discover Canada ties multiculturalism to "19th- and 20th-century immigration" — the long waves of newcomers who came from many countries to build the country. Sir Wilfrid Laurier's era (the 1890s and early 1900s) saw 170,000 Ukrainians, 115,000 Poles, and tens of thousands from Germany, France, Norway, and Sweden settle in the West before 1914. Post-war immigration brought refugees from Hungary (1956), Vietnam (1975), and many other places. Today, "diversity enriches Canadians' lives, particularly in our cities," with Vancouver and Toronto especially diverse — Chinese languages are the second most-spoken at home in those cities after English.

The question is testing whether new citizens know the idea that became popular in Canada during the 1960s. Discover Canada commits to one idea: multiculturalism. The right test answer matches that.

The wrong answer choices each substitute a different concept. "Monoculturalism" is the opposite of multiculturalism — and not the 1960s development. "Globalization" is a different concept (international economic integration). "Isolationism" is a foreign-policy concept, not what the source describes. Only multiculturalism matches.