What are the three parts of Canada's Parliament?

Discover Canada records this in one direct sentence. The guide writes: Parliament has three parts: the Sovereign (Queen or King), the Senate and the House of Commons. The three parts the test wants are therefore the Sovereign, the Senate, and the House of Commons.

Each part has a distinct function. The Sovereign is part of Parliament symbolically and constitutionally — the Sovereign's role gives bills their final royal assent. The Senate is the appointed chamber: "Senators are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister and serve until age 75." The House of Commons is the elected chamber: "the representative chamber, made up of members of Parliament elected by the people, traditionally every four years."

The lawmaking process uses all three. Discover Canada writes: Both the House of Commons and the Senate consider and review bills (proposals for new laws). No bill can become law in Canada until it has been passed by both chambers and has received royal assent, granted by the Governor General on behalf of the Sovereign. So a federal bill in Canada needs the consent of all three parts of Parliament.

The provincial structure is parallel but smaller. Discover Canada notes: "Provincial legislatures comprise the Lieutenant Governor and the elected Assembly." So at the provincial level there are two parts (Lieutenant Governor + elected Assembly), while at the federal level there are three (Sovereign + Senate + House of Commons).

The question is testing whether new citizens have memorised Discover Canada's exact list. The guide commits to three parts in one sentence: the Sovereign, the Senate and the House of Commons.

The wrong answer choices each substitute a different role. Discover Canada describes the Governor General as the Sovereign's representative, not as a separate part of Parliament. The Prime Minister is head of government, not a part of Parliament in the structural sense the guide uses for these three parts.