What was the name of Quebec before 1759?

Discover Canada uses one specific name for the French colony before its conquest by Britain: New France. The guide refers to it repeatedly — for example, "the colony of New France," "hero of New France," and the heading "Royal New France" — and it is the name Britain renamed after the conquest. The guide writes: Following the war, Great Britain renamed the colony the "Province of Quebec." The French-speaking Catholic people, known as habitants or Canadiens, strove to preserve their way of life in the English-speaking, Protestant-ruled British Empire.

The pivot is 1759. Discover Canada writes: In 1759, the British defeated the French in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham at Québec City — marking the end of France's empire in America. Before that defeat, the territory was the French colony of New France; after, the British renamed it the "Province of Quebec." So the answer to "what was the name of Quebec before 1759?" follows directly from those passages.

The earlier French period, in Discover Canada's account, includes the founding figures — Jacques Cartier claiming the land for King Francis I of France between 1534 and 1542; Samuel de Champlain's fortress at Québec City in 1608; and the long-running French–Iroquois conflict that ended in peace in 1701. All of that is, in the guide's words, the story of New France.

The name Quebec, as a province, came after the conquest. Discover Canada traces the steps: from the Quebec Act of 1774, to the Constitutional Act of 1791 that divided the province into Upper Canada and Lower Canada, to the merger as the Province of Canada in 1840, and finally Confederation in 1867, when Quebec became one of the founding provinces.

The question is testing whether new citizens know the pre-conquest name Discover Canada uses for what is now Quebec. The guide is unambiguous: it calls the French colony New France, with no other label, and traces its end at the Plains of Abraham in 1759.

The wrong answer choices each fail to match. Discover Canada never uses the first or fourth labels at all. Lower Canada is a later name — created by the Constitutional Act of 1791 after the British conquest, not before it. Only New France matches.